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SWTPC introduces many computer kits based on the Motorola 6800, and later, the 6809. What feature of modern productivity tools makes it possible for files created in one software product to be opened in another software product? Designed by John V. Blankenbaker using standard medium-- and small-scale integrated circuits, the Kenbak-1 relied on switches for input and lights for output from its 256-byte memory. Onyx Systems began selling early microcomputer-based Unix workstations in 1980. The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. The US Navy Tactical Data System uses computers to integrate and display shipboard radar, sonar and communications data. All these previous chips set the stage for the first PC processors. The Mark-8 Do-It-Yourself kit is designed by graduate student John Titus and uses the Intel 8008 microprocessor. There is an inconsistency between states in the classification of ELL students. Its price was $2,500. What type of web-based creation is produced when a teacher has art students sketchnoting about a visiting artist's lecture? The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. assist teachers in preparing student IEPs. The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. Wang was a successful calculator manufacturer, then a successful word processor company. The first microcomputer was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. One major advance in programming was Wilkes' use of a library of short programs, called subroutines, stored on punched paper tapes and used for performing common repetitive calculations within a lager program. The AGCs first flight was on Apollo 7. Five times faster than its predecessor, the 8008, the Intel 8080 could address four times as many bytes for a total of 64 kilobytes. One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. . For easy replacement, designers placed each transistor circuit inside a "bottle," similar to a vacuum tube. With a peak speed of over a petaflop (one thousand trillion calculations per second), the Tianhe 1 (translation: Milky Way 1) is developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology using Intel Xeon processors combined with AMD graphic processing units (GPUs). In his book Giant Brains, Berkeley noted - We shall now consider how we can design a very simple machine that will think. Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. It was eventually housed at NASAs Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. The Univac 1 is the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. The typical PDP-1 computer system, which sells for about $120,000, includes a cathode ray tube graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning and requires only one operator; all of which become standards for minicomputers. At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) announces it will create a program to deliver technology and resources to targeted schools in the least developed countries. microcomputer: A microcomputer is a complete computer on a smaller scale and is generally a synonym for the more common term, personal computer or PC , a computer designed for an individual. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. Airline reservation agents working with SABRE. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. IBM establishes the 650 as its first mass-produced computer, with the company selling 450 in just one year. Gates and Allen started Microsoftoriginally called Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and. On April 7, IBM announced five models of System/360, spanning a 50-to-1 performance range. When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Sold complete with a main logic board, switching power supply, keyboard, case, manual, game paddles, and cassette tape containing the game Breakout, the Apple-II finds popularity far beyond the hobbyist community which made up Apples user community until then. The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. Led by curator Doron Swade the team built Babbages machine in six years, using techniques that would have been available to Babbage at the time, proving that Babbages design was accurate and that it could have been built in his day. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. His daughter named the new machine after the star Altair. The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. HP Netserver LM, one of the first to use Intel's Pentium. The 2116A also marked HP's first use of integrated circuits in a commercial product. Completed in 1951, Whirlwind remains one of the most important computer projects in the history of computing. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? The Apple Newton Personal Digital Assistant. Japan's SoftBank introduces the first camera phone, the J-Phone J-SH04; a Sharp-manufactured digital phone with integrated camera. Lenovo, China's largest manufacturer of PCs, purchased IBM's personal computer business in 2005, largely to gain access to IBM's ThinkPad line of computers and sales force. . Most historians believe that the use of Colossus machines significantly shortened the war by providing evidence of enemy intentions and beliefs. Computer-enhanced image of IBMs Roadrunner. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. Scientific and defense applications included studies of human electrophysiology, nuclear weapon simulation, human genome mapping, and global climate change. OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. FoxBase was originally released for the Apple II in 1984, followed by versions for the Commodore 64, IBM PC, and Atari ST. A version for the Macintosh was also released in 1985. Arduino soon became the main computer platform of the worldwide Maker movement. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. The Central processing unit (CPU) serves as the primarily processing component of a computer system. Its task was to detect incoming Soviet bombers and direct interceptor aircraft to destroy them. Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. They did. At its introduction, it was listed as the second fastest supercomputer in the world and this single system increased NASA's supercomputing capacity 10-fold. For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. The ASCI Red, based on the design of the Intel Paragon, was built by IBM and delivered to Sandia National Laboratories. The last one was decommissioned in 1979. The first advertisement for a microprocessor, the Intel 4004, appears in Electronic News. In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. Instead of simply copying the basic input output system (BIOS) of the Apple II as Franklin Computer had done, they reversed engineered the system and sold it for US $479, a much lower price than the comparable Apple II. Motes are also known as smart dust, since the intention is that their tiny size and low cost make them inexpensive enough to sprinkle in the real world to as sensors. Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. The Pi weighed only 45 grams and initially sold for only $25-$35 U.S. The Jaguar was used to study climate science, seismology, and astrophysics applications. Almost a million units were ordered on the day of release. The SSEC was one of the last of the generation of 'super calculators' to be built using electromechanical technology. With the success of the clone, Compaq recorded first-year sales of $111 million, the most ever by an American business in a single year. The TRS-80 was priced at $599.95, included a Z80 microprocessor, video display, 4 KB of memory, a built-in BASIC programming language interpreter, cassette storage, and easy-to-understand manuals that assumed no prior knowledge on the part of the user. The Motorola 68000 microprocessor exhibited a processing speed far greater than its contemporaries. The first commercially advertised US computer based on a microprocessor (the Intel 8008,) the Scelbi has 4 KB of internal memory and a cassette tape interface, as well as Teletype and oscilloscope interfaces. University of Manchester researchers Frederic Williams, Tom Kilburn, and Geoff Toothill develop the Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM), better known as the Manchester "Baby." It used two different microprocessors: an IBM POWER XCell L8i and AMD Opteron. The AGC was one of the earliest uses of integrated circuits, and used core memory, as well as read-only magnetic rope memory. IBMs first personal computer, the system was designed to run the APL programming language in a compact, briefcase-like enclosure which comprised a keyboard, CRT display, and cassette tape storage.