Laughing While Sleeping Islam, Stolen Bicycle Dream Interpretation, Why Are Brown Bins Not Being Emptied, Dave Ohrt Obituary, Boss Buck Feeder Leg Kit, Articles P

In 202122, there are even more players from different countries, and a few new nationalities we havent seen in quite some time. This was during the expansion era of the NHL when the NHL went from six to twelve teams. What nationality are most NFL players? Its strongly believed that hockey originated in Nova Scotia, Canada. [13] The number of black NHL players was to 26 by the end of the 20th century and sat at 32 in 2016.[9]. Percentage of NHL Players by Nationality 20182019 Stats. Active Players. NEW YORK - The National Basketball Association (NBA) today announced that 107 international players from 41 countries are on opening-night rosters for the 2020-21 season, including a record 17. Looking at the rosters of each team in the NHL shows an interesting rainbow of nationalities spread throughout the league. Odds, Scores and Schedule; NHL Standings; . These categories of players do not fit into this classification. The Montreal Canadiens, Philadelphia Flyers, and Winnipeg Jets have the lowest non-North American representation with just three players each. Founded in 2009, The Hockey Writers is a premier destination for news and information on everything hockey. The spike in the popularity of ice hockey in the United States is mostly due to Wayne Gretzky. Analyzing the NHL trade deadline board: Numbers behind the names. By birth country, a few more countries are added to the chart. Teams included in the chart below, and all subsequent charts breaking down nationality are as follows in order: Canada, United States, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Slovakia, Germany, Denmark, Latvia, France, Austria, Slovenia, Belarus, Netherlands, and Norway. Although Russia is a big hockey-playing country with a sizeable population, most players tend to stay within the country to play the sport. Ullmark, who helped the Atlantic Division capture a championship in his NHL All-Star Game debut, posted a flawless month, going 6-0-0 with a 1.79 goals-against average and .947 save percentage as . However, Canadas lead is slowly but surely dwindling. However, the number of NHL players that originate from Canada is on a steady decline. From here on, Europe takes the reins for providing the NHL with its players. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? He was also technically an original Toronto Maple Leaf, with the St. Pats 26 NHL players come from the Central European country. Theres really no risk of Voracek catching him though, with Jagr holding a nearly 1,200-point lead over his compatriot. Quizzes Created- Of those 23 players, 15 are forwards, six are defensemen, and two are goaltenders. Sweden and Finland are hockey juggernauts. Of the 49 players, 8 of them are goaltenders. The leagues international appeal comes in large part from the international makeup of each NHL teams roster. Up until the 1970s, the presence of foreign countries in the NHL was next to none. Hockey is globally known as Canadas game, and while that might still be true today, there are several countries that have closed the gap in the past decade or so. The share of Canadians in the league dropped to 75% by the 1980s and is now slightly less than 50%. The average NHL player salary is $2,554,463 USD for the 2020-21 season. What percentage of NHL players are Canadian 2021? [Online]. Denmark 4 (0.6%): Already a legitimate starter in the NHL, Carolina Hurricanes goalie Frederik Andersen established himself as one of the leagues best in 2021-22. Finlands best may not be as flashy as Swedens but it includes Aleksander Barkov and Mikko Rantanen. In addition to black and white players, other races and ethnicities represented in the NHL include players of Asian, Latino, and Middle Eastern descent. This year, since the NHL has adopted the taxi squad model to combat travel restrictions caused by COVID-19, the nationality breakdown includes opening night rosters, players on the season opening injured reserve, and taxi squads from each team. The state with the most NHL players is Minnesota, with a total of 71 players. Updated hourly, with analysis, commentary and features from hundreds writers worldwide, our articles are read over 5 million times every month. In terms of birth country though, Bulgaria (Alexandar Georgiev), Great Britain (Nathan Walker), and Uzbekistan (Arthur Kaliyev) join the list. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Belarus, Denmark, France, Germany and Latvia also have a small number of NHL players, but they all have more than one. Slovenia is represented by Anze Kopitar, a center for the Los Angeles Kings. Slovak goaltender Jaroslav Halak is still putting up good numbers as well and he may make one final run as Slovakias Olympic goaltender. Later on, he moved to the Czech Republic to get professional training. That's 269 hockey players, with 26 of them being goalies. Every Canadian Olympic hockey team boasts an elite NHL roster that includes many of the leagues stars. A look at how the current NBA players break down by country of origin. Accessed March 04, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1279112/nhl-player-count-by-country/, Spotrac. 5h ago. Over the past eleven years that percentage has jumped 6% to 26.5% of the NHL. Active NHL Players Totals by Birth State - Career Stats. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 485: 21 346: 3344: 5753: 9097: 11 288: 600: 82: 479: 2 United States: 317: . Ovechkin, Kucherov, Panarin, Tarasenko, Kuznetsov and Kaprizov are some of the flashiest scorers in the league. 3 overall in 2014, now tied with Ottawa Senators rookie Tim Stutzle) on his own merits. Thats 269 hockey players, with 26 of them being goalies. The Czech Republic also provides the NHL with 4.5% of its goalies, with 4 out of the 40 Czech players being goaltenders. Chart. A few years after the formation of the NHL in 1917, 44 (91.7%) of its players were Canadian. James signed his contract with the Buffalo Sabres in 1982. On average, each team has nine players from outside North America, or 30% of their roster. November 17, 2022. (November 17, 2022). Heres hoping for NHL participation in a best-on-best tournament soon. These currently active Russian NHL players have played 14,675 NHL games in their careers. The growth of the sport in the U.S. is evident in their international matches and representations, such as in the Olympics. Along the way, we will cover other relevant information on the distribution of NHL players by country. The very best of Russian hockey or Japanese baseball may make the transition to the United States for more money or fame, but a lot of borderline NHL or MLB talent may stay in their local league rather than trying to brave the world of the AHL or AAA baseball. On January 18, 1958, Willie O'Ree became the first Black Canadian to play in the NHL. Despite the drop, the Canadians are always going to have an unrivalled presence, when conversing NHL players nationalities. The USA is a not-so-close second at 27%, down 1% from last year. Fourth place is nothing to scoff at; its a very strong Finnish. Its only a matter of time that we start to see countries like Switzerland, Germany, and Denmark rise up the international ice hockey charts and continually challenge for medals at international tournaments. High performing Russian and Japanese players have moved to the NHL and MLB to give those leagues some of their greatest stars. Most Super Bowl wins by NFL team 1967-2023, Average ticket price in the NFL by team 2021, FIFA World Ranking: top male soccer teams 2022, Athletic footwear global market share by company 2015, Health & Fitness Clubs - Statistics & Facts, Sporting goods industry in the U.S. - statistics & facts, Research expert covering sports and video gaming, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. the first. Percentage of NHL Players by Nationality Career Stats. Statistics are current through the end of the 2021-22 NHL season and players currently playing in the National Hockey League are marked in boldface.. All players are listed by the current country of the players' birth location . statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. There are 73 Swedish players scattered across the league, dwarfing the 46 Finnish and 42 Russian player counts. NHL Totals by Nationality - 2018-2019 Regular Season Stats. David Schriner was born in Saratov in the Russian Empire but moved with his parent to Calgary, Alberta Canada when he was a month old. Less than half, about 47 per cent, go on to play 400 or more NHL games, with only about two in 10 making it to the 800-game mark. A Bulgarian born Russian national like Alexandar Georgiev is counted as Russian. However, the local leagues lessen the demand for players to come and play in the United States or Canada. It quite easy to see why. A family friend and former NHL assistant GM has often lectured me and another Ten Thousand Sports writer about the odd regional nature of sports. Major League Baseball is a professional baseball league in Canada and the United States, and is widely regarded as the best league for the sport in the world. Hockey is globally known as Canadas game, and while that might still be true today, there are several countries that have closed the gap in the past decade or so. With an all-time high of players born outside of North America, Canadian-born players made up just 49.7 per cent of the 624 players to appear in a game in the first two weeks of the 2015-16 season. As of 9 October 2020 , 61 goaltenders and 561 skaters ( forwards and defencemen) have appeared in at least one regular-season and/or playoff game with the Canucks since the team joined the NHL in the . That is a little larger than half of Sweden or Czechias population and far smaller than Russias 144 million. Notable Slovakian Player: With defenseman Zdeno Chara having retired, New Jersey Devils forward Tomas Tatar now holds the mantle as the active leading scorer among Slovakian players. Their surge up the international charts, and the draft board, signals a new era of ice hockey, where victory for the Canadians is no longer guaranteed. 344 of the NHLs 784 players come from the country with the maple leaf flag. This is in line with last years ratio. | Tuuka Rask, Pekka Rinne, Miikka Kiprusoff, and Niklas Backstrom have all represented Finland in the NHL. This is on par with last year. In the 2019-2020 season a total of 271 Canadian born players were in the NHL, which works out to 42.7% of NHL players. When understanding the financial nitty-gritty of any sport, a lot of us face difficulties. The Arizona Coyotes and Columbus Blue Jackets lead the league with two players from non-Big Six countries, with 10 other teams behind them with one players. In 2010, about 20.5% of the players on opening night rosters were Americans. From North American to Europeans, part Asian, African and even Australian players have all been a part of the NHL at one point. and has won 53.8 percent of his face-offs in 43 games this season. Leading Belgian national team players at FIFA World Cup 2018, by market . The most famous Slovak in the NHL at the moment is 44-year-old Zdeno Chara. Please do not hesitate to contact me. So, then, what percent of players in the NHL today are actually from North America? Other international NHL fans are probably following the NHL to see the hockey triumphs of their compatriots. Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 416: 15 667: 2532: 4294: 6826: 8827: 539: 76: 389: 2 United States: 265: 10 319: 1641: 2758: 4399: . On average, each team has 7.8 players from outside North America, or 30% of their roster. Even if it drew attention to the faulty system, it still counts. The only exceptions are Russians who were born in a non-Russian Soviet Socialist Republic under the Soviet Union (such as Anton Khudobin) or Siberia (such as Kirill Kaprizov). Jakub Voracek and David Pastrnak are perhaps the most recognizable Czech players in the league, but the best Czech player of all time has to the great Jaromir Jagr. Technically, Gus Forslund was the first Swedish player in the NHL, back in the 1932-33 season. Although still the largest group of hockey players by nationality in the NHL, recent decades and years have had other countries catching up in numbers and talent. Over the past eleven years that percentage has jumped 6% to 26.5% of the NHL. Welcome to NHL.com, the official site of the National Hockey League . }, Make your own pro-style baseball card complete with statistics, bio data and trivia, Make your own pro-style football card complete with stats using Starr Cards, World record fastest badminton smashes with Tan Boon Heong and Mads Pieler Kolding, Make your own pro-style basketball card on the iPhone complete with stats, Rafael Nadal will pilot your smoking helicopter, sore wrist and all, No ifs, ands, or butts: Giving the derriere its due across each of the major team sports, Remembering AB de Villiers fastest ODI century in cricket history off 31 balls, Bend It Like Beckham: Why soccer balls curve one way and smooth balls curve backwards. Historically speaking, some may think Germany doesnt have a significant presence in the NHL. During the era of the original six, to the expansion era and 1970s, the number of Canadians in the game was about 90% of total NHL players nationalities. Slowing making themselves known behind Canada are the players from the United States. Sign up for our 'DAILY BEST Newsletter' for the latest & greatest hockey news & analysis. 28. After Finland is the Czech Republic, which provides the NHL with 40 players (4.2% of all players). Only 11 Swiss players are in the NHL, but it is a pretty good group of 11. This means that 41.2% of NHL players were born in the United States. Granted, two Olympic silver medals for the mens team since the turn of the century is hardly ground-breaking, but the womens team is routinely a contender, winning the gold in South Korea in 2018. Even though he was the third pick at the NHL entry draft, he played in the AHL until 2017 when he began his NHL career. And yes, they definitely do. In 2021, the greatest share of players by ethnic group were black or African American athletes, constituting 58 percent of players within the NFL. Even from the graph above, its easy to see that the Big Six, or the nations of Canada, United States, Sweden, Finland, Czech Republic, and Russia are still the most represented countries in the NHL. Playing with the Boston Bruins, he was also the first NHL player of African-descent. The National Hockey League (NHL) is the number 1 Professional Ice, Read More Who Are The Original Six? Ever since the Czechs won gold at the 1998 Winter Olympics, theyve been seen as a major world power. Proudly powered by WordPress There are 57 currently active Russian players in the NHL right now. The integration of international players from around the world into the NHL is part of the factors facilitating its spread to several countries. We have previously established that Russian NHL coverage is focused on following Russian players. The players that will be listed below are players that are citizens by birth (native-born). Close behind the Czech Republic is Russia, which contributes 38 players to the NHL (4% of all players). The NHLs Russians, a group smaller than the Swedes and Finns, is arguably more dynamic. As an ex-soccer player myself, I was always very intrigued in how to optimise performance. The most famous Slovakian NHL player was also its first in Canadian-raised Stan Mikita. The USA is a not-so-close second at 27%, down 1% from last year. In 2020, 69.4 percent of players in the National Football League were of color, down 3.2 percent from 2016. There were 259 Canadian forwards (53.7%), 123 defenders (48%) and 35 goalies (53%) and they made up 51.8% of the NHL. Quiz Creator Spotlight. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Copyright 2023 HockeySkillsTraining.com, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window). Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game; G/G = Goals per game; A/G = Assists per game. Flames Visual Recap 54: Calgary blows two-goal lead to lose in overtime again. The NHL may be the American sports league with the largest international appeal. Jaroslav Jik is the first Czech Republic to play in the NHL. Massachusetts: 27: 4: Michigan: 41: What nationality is most represented in the NHL? Earnings. Six teams have zero players from outside the Big Six, and 13 teams have multiple players from outside the Big Six. At the time that was the highest percentage of Americans the NHL had ever seen on an opening night roster. Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 413: 17 711: 2680: 4558: 7238: 8501: 531: 74: 427: 2 United States: 253: 11 003: 1722: 2914: 4636: . Spotrac. Norway 1: Minnesota Wild forward Mats Zuccarello remains one of the leagues premier little big men, having put together a career-best 2021-22 season, during which he scored 79 points in 70 games. The Columbus Blue Jackets are this seasons most diverse team, featuring players from 10 different countries. Calgary Flames left winger Johnny Gaudreau, who was born in Carneys Point, New Jersey, leads the 237 NHL players born in the United States with 55 points. The past two years, The Win Column did a breakdown for every team in the NHL based on nationality (see 2019 and 2020 here). Finland has the fourth largest group of players with 46. "Number of active players in the NHL in 2022, by country." Rk Nationality . In the NHL, 42% of players are from Canada. [6] The league consists of a variety of players from varying nationalities and diverse backgrounds. Reigning Venzina trophy winner Andrei Vasilevskiy is another popular Russian hockey import. In terms of percentages, the breakdown of NHL players by nationality during the 2017-18 season were as follows: Canada (45.9%), United States (26.6%), Sweden (9.8%), Finland (4.1%), Czech Republic (4.0%), Russia (3.8%), Switzerland (1.6%), Slovakia (1.4%), Denmark (0.8%), Germany (0.8%), Austria (0.3%), France (0.3%), Australia (0.1%), Latvia Both Sweden and Finland had over 10 players in the NHL, and countries like Germany, Austria, Italy, and Slovakia all had NHL representation. He played the position of a left winger with the St. Louis Blues. Colorado Avalanche captain Gabriel Landeskog, who hails from Stockholm, leads all Swedish-born NHL players with 45 points. Data Provided By the official stats partner of the NBA, NHL and MLB. According to an article by USA Today, 97% of the NHL is white, while the other 3% is made of different ethnicities. NBA Country Tracker. Rk What states produce the most NHL players? Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 415: 15 526: 2507: 4253: 6760: 8747: 536: 75: 386: 2 United States: 265: 10 217: 1625: 2735: 4360: . 24.8 percent of NHL players were born in the United States. Percentage of NHL Players by Nationality 20192020 Stats. In terms of percentages, Russian players account for 5.4% of all the currently active players in the NHL now. If they dont feel good on your feet then there is a very good chance that you will not perform well. Each country represented by at least one player has a color assigned to it that corresponds to the number of players it has in the NHL. Blue Jackets goalie Elvis Merzlikins has probably been passed the torch at this point though. The hockey centre was born in Wales and began playing the sport locally in his hometown. Finland is the country that provides the NHL with the fourth-most players, at 49 (5.1%). This past weekend, for example, several Latin American nations including Puerto Rico, faced off in the 2022 Amerigol Latam Spring Classic. The last nation not included in the Other section for having less than 10 NHL players is Switzerland. The number of Finns in the NHL is impressive considering how small Finalds population is relative to the other countries on the list. Boasting two Silver Olympic medals for the mens team and a gold medal in the 2018 Olympics for the womens team, the U.S. teams also have five consecutive International Ice Hockey Federation world titles. Furthermore, in the past years we have founded fieldinsider.com for that same reason. Your email address will not be published. Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 64.6%: 66.3%: 67.3%: 65.6%: 66.2%: 73.7% So only five players who played for an American team that won an NHL championship are originally from the United States. Looking at the rosters of each team in the NHL shows an interesting rainbow of nationalities spread throughout the league. The NHL also has players from Denmark, Germany, Austria, France, Norway, and Latvia, each with 2-7 players in the league. He only played This shows the national diversity currently in the NHL. Hockey is as popular as its ever been in the States, which is not just emphasized by the number of NHL players, but the success of its international teams. Henceforth, why NHL players nationalities will continue to gradually expand over time. Slovenia 1: Los Angeles Kings star Anze Kopitar is also the first Slovenian to ever play in the NHL, setting a great example for aspiring hockey players in his country. Stats: 632 Games Played 262 Wins 2.56 GAA .917 Save Percentage Czech. Americans make up more than a quarter of all NHL players. Arguably, the best known active Finnish players in the NHL are Mikko Koivu (Minnesota Wild), Valtteri Filppula (Philadelphia Flyers), and Aleksander Barkov (Florida Panthers). Now, lets look at where the numbers lie today. While the name Zibanejad has its origin in Farsi, New York Rangers forward Mika Zibanejad is also Swedish. Who is the best NFL player from Canada? 29 %. Read More What Is AAV In Ice Hockey?Continue, Hockey skates are one of young hockey players most important skating gear. Canada and the United States make up the majority of players in the NHL (70%), but even within the Big Six, North Americans account for 74% of players. The popularity of a sport does not always transfer over borders, even the borders of relatively culturally and historically similar countries. His day view in the NHL was when he appeared in three games in the 1969-70 NHL season. The current 2022-2023 percentage of Canadian players is the lowest the league has seen (42.86%) and there remains a possibility of an even lower percentage next season. A few of the most noteworthy Canadian NHLers are Sidney Crosby (Pittsburgh Penguins), Jason Spezza (Dallas Stars), and Dion Phaneuf (Los Angeles Kings). Show publisher information The National Hockey League (NHL) evolved from a mono-ethnic and primarily Canadian professional athletic league to span North America. [8] Statista. At the beginning of the season, the New Jersey Devils has six players from outside the Big Six. Washingtons Daniel Sprong is the only NHL Dutchman. Their Nordic neighbor Norway only has one player in the NHL, Minnesotas Mats Zuccarello. Those two names dont quite sound North American. Both Sweden and Finland had over 10 players in the NHL, and countries like Germany, Austria, Italy, and Slovakia all had NHL representation. The highest paid player is Auston Matthews at $15,910,000 USD, while 161 players are paid the league minimum of $700,000 USD. Notable Swiss Player: Despite playing in the shadow of ex-teammate and defensive partner Shea Weber for his first few seasons, Nashville Predators defenseman Roman Josi has come into his own as one of the leagues premier defensemen, winning the James Norris Memorial Trophy in 2020. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The National Hockey League (NHL) evolved from a mono-ethnic and primarily Canadian professional athletic league to span North America. Although the NHL started in Canada, the United States and other nations are gradually making themselves known within the league. Its everyones now. = The drop off from the Czech Republic, the Big Six country with the fewest players in the NHL, to the next country is significant. Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 42.7%: 42.7% . four games, without scoring a point, though. Avid fan. Norwegian hockey is the poster-child of this concept. In, Spotrac. This is a list of National Hockey League statistical leaders by country of birth, sorted by total points.The top ten players from each country are included. Nathan was selected by the Washington Capitals during the third round of the 2014 NHL draft. Hockey might still be dominated by the Big Six, but the winds of change are blowing. It is certainly Canadas largest league in every sense. Canadians The report released Tuesday found that 83.6% of the NHL's workforce is white and that men make up nearly 62% of the total, based on the 4,200 people who participated in a voluntary and anonymous survey (about 67% of all employees). Together Canadians and Americans make up the lions share (70.4%) of the NHL. Breaking down each NHL teams roster by nationality 2021, The Calgary Flames marginally improved their team without giving up any draft or prospect capital, A deeper look at the Calgary Flames acquisition of Troy Stecher, Calgary Flames close out trade deadline acquiring Dryden Hunt, Troy Stecher, and Nick Ritchie, Recapping all of the Calgary Flames NHL Trade Deadline rumours, Flames Visual Recap 62: Calgary gets excellent goaltending with no goal support, lose to Leafs on eve of trade deadline, The case for the Calgary Flames to trade Milan Lucic to the Boston Bruins, How the Calgary Flames could retool on the fly this season, Brad Treliving is in an unenviable position going into the NHL Trade Deadline, Breaking down who the Calgary Flames could move before the trade deadline on Friday, Calgary Flames Prospect Roundup: WHL prospects continue to shine as the playoff push continues, Jonathan Huberdeau is on pace to break an unfortunate NHL record this season. The game is growing though, and its clear that countries like Switzerland, Germany, and Slovakia are steadily climbing up the international ice hockey charts. In 2010, about 20.5% of the players on opening night rosters were Americans. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. Percentage of NHL Players by Nationality 20222023 Stats. Players are identified as an All-Star if they were selected for the All-Star game at any time in their career. Why the NHL has few black players. Germans actually have a Stanley Cup-winning goal to their credit though, with Colorado Avalanche defenseman Uwe Krupp ending a marathon three-overtime Game 4 in 1996. Notable German Player: Oilers forward Leon Draisaitl may be seen simply as the guy who rides shotgun with McDavid. Black players in professional American football, History of African Americans in the Canadian Football League, "Soul on Ice: A growing number of Black players are making their mark in a league that until recently has been known for its insensitivity", "Being black in the NHL: From breaking the colour barrier to the Norris trophy", "Soul on Ice: Do hockey and Hip-Hop mix? What the NHLs Russian contingent lacks in size it makes up for in talent. From 1995 until 2001, they medaled every year at either the Olympics or the International Ice Hockey Federation World Championship. Also worth noting is the very high proportion of Finlands NHL stars that have been goaltenders. Below, we present the total number of players from each country and last seasons points leader from each. The Capitals, once again, have the most non-North Americans on their roster with 16, closely followed by the Blue Jackets with 13. Whats maybe more of a testament of their strength is their five straight International Ice Hockey Federation world titles from 2013-19. Notable American Player: Again, theres an abundance of riches, but Toronto Maple Leafs forward Auston Matthews is coming off a Hart Memorial Trophy win in 2021-22. But what about names like Radek Faksa (center for the Dallas Stars) or Alexander Ovechkin (left wing/captain of the Washington Capitals)? If you or someone you know has a gambling problem, help is available. (Source: Matt Armour & Daniel R. Levitt, Baseball Demographics) According to UPI | Number of MLB Players by Nationality: United States of America - 525 . display: none !important; Rk Nationality Players GP G A P PIM PPG SHG GWG; 1 Canada: 414: 15 167: 2451: 4153: 6604: 8550: 528: 72: 380: 2 United States: 263: 9951: 1586: 2656: 4242: 4492: 314: 49: 230: 3 .